Task assistant including navigation control

ABSTRACT

A method of providing a task assistant to provide an interface to an application is described. The method includes, in one embodiment, identifying a user and determining whether there is a push notification to be shown to the user. When there is a push notification to be shown to the user, the task assistant displaying the push notification to the user, such that when the user acknowledges the push notification, the user is directed to a push destination. When there is no push notification, receiving input from a user through multimodal input including a plurality of speech input, typing input, and touch input, interpreting the input, and providing a formatted query to the application, receiving data from the application in response to the query, and providing a response to the user through multimodal output including a plurality of: speech output, text output, non-speech audio output, haptic output, and visual non-text output.

FIELD

The present application is related to a task assistant, and moreparticularly to a multimodal task assistant that accepts voice input.

BACKGROUND

There are numerous personal assistants for mobile devices available inthe marketplace. Some such personal assistants that accept voice input.Such personal assistants are implemented as an application, available onthe device, which is designed to provide data that is available on thedevice or accessible via a search on a search engine such as GOOGLE™ orBING™ search.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by wayof limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in whichlike reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 is a network diagram of one embodiment of a system including adevice with a task assistant.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a task assistant system.

FIG. 3 is an overview flowchart of using a task assistant includingmultimodal user interface system.

FIG. 4A is a state diagram of the various system states.

FIG. 4B-4F are screen shots of exemplary visual states of the input userinterface for the task assistant.

FIG. 5A illustrates the various input and output formats, in oneembodiment.

FIG. 5B-5F illustrate screen shots of the various output states of theoutput user interface for the task assistant.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of one embodiment of the input to the taskassistant.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of one embodiment of the output from the taskassistant.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of one embodiment of interactions maintainingcontext, enabling filtering.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of one embodiment of passing context betweenvarious devices that may be utilized by a user.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of one embodiment of contextual suggestions.

FIG. 11A-11F are illustrations of exemplary contextual suggestions.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of one embodiment of intelligent form filling.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of one embodiment of navigation using anchorpoints.

FIG. 14 is a diagram of one embodiment of anchor points in a nativeapplication.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of one embodiment of incorporating pushnavigation into navigation including anchor points.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of one embodiment of utilizing biometricauthorization.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a computer system thatmay be used with the task assistant.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A task assistant with multimodal input is described. A task assistant isassociated with a native application, on a computer system, and enablesmultimodal input and output. The multimodal input, in one embodiment,includes input via one or more of: voice, typed text, touch control, andgross movement control. In one embodiment, the corresponding multimodaloutput provides data to the user via one or more of speech, text, visualdisplay, and haptic feedback. In this way, the task assistant can assista user more efficiently. The multimodal input permits the user to attendto one or both of a visual interface channel or an audio interfacechannel, retaining same intent and content regardless of channelattention.

In one embodiment, the task assistant is available as an option from aparticular application, and when activated displays its input and outputmechanisms in an overlay over the application's own display. In anotherembodiment, the task assistant may be in a separate window or menuingsystem. However, the task assistant is specifically associated with aparticular application, in one embodiment, and tied to its data sourcesand capabilities.

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention makesreference to the accompanying drawings in which like references indicatesimilar elements, showing by way of illustration specific embodiments ofpracticing the invention. Description of these embodiments is insufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice theinvention. One skilled in the art understands that other embodiments maybe utilized and that logical, mechanical, electrical, functional andother changes may be made without departing from the scope of thepresent invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, notto be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present inventionis defined only by the appended claims.

FIG. 1 is a network diagram of one embodiment of a system including adevice with a task assistant. The task assistant 100 is shown asresiding on one or more of a user mobile device 110, user computer 180,and kiosk 170. The task assistant 100 may also reside on any otherdevice 175 that is capable of user input and output. In one embodiment,the device 175 includes a screen and is network enabled, to enable thedevice 175 to interact with multimodal input interpreter 120 through thenetwork. However, in another embodiment, the input interpreter mayreside on the device 175, enabling the use of the task assistant 100 onany device capable of receiving multi-modal input or output 175, rangingfrom a car, to a television, to a refrigerator. In one embodiment, anydevice that includes a processor, and a method for at least two modes ofoutput may be considered capable of receiving multi-modal output. In oneembodiment, such a device should include a processing mechanism, ascreen, and network connectivity.

The present invention will utilize the user mobile device 110 as thedevice for the purposes of description. However, it should be understoodthat the task assistant 100 may reside on any type of device that canprovide speech input/output and visual input/output, includingtelevisions, vehicles, and other devices.

The device on which the task assistant 100 is present may be connectedto a network 130. The network may be the Internet, connected via awireless connection, cellular network connection, or another type ofconnection.

In one embodiment, the task assistant 100 may send data to multimodalinput interpreter 120. Multimodal input interpreter 120 may interpretthe data/request received by task assistant 100, from the user. In oneembodiment, a multimodal input interpreter 120 may be part of the taskassistant 100, resident on the user's mobile device 110 or elsewhere.The multimodal input interpreter 120 may pass the data/request to theapp data server 150. The application data server 150 may respond to thedata/request. In one embodiment, the application data server 150 mayobtain relevant information from third party source 140. Third partysource may be an external server, or an internal database within theserver providing the application data server 150.

In general, the task assistant 100 is associated with a particularapplication. The application may be a banking application, an investmentapplication, a medical application, etc. In one embodiment, a singleuser mobile device 110 may include a plurality of applications, eachwith its own associated task assistant 100. For the below specification,the examples provided will be in the context of a banking application.However, one of skill in the art would understand how to utilize similarfeatures in a non-banking application, ranging from a healthcareapplication to a navigation application to a gaming application.

The data from the application data server 150, the multimodal inputinterpreter 120, and/or the task assistant 100 may be provided to thestatistical data collection engine 160. The statistical data may be usedto review the task assistant, provide improved hints or push navigation,or for other purposes. In one embodiment, in addition to wirelessconnectivity, the user mobile device 110 or other task assistant enableddevice be physical coupled to another device. For example, a user mobiledevice 110 may be physically connected to a kiosk 170, enabling datasharing between their respective task assistants 100.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a task assistant system.The system includes elements residing on a client application 210, amultimodal input interpreter 250 and an application server 280. One ofskill in the art would understand that though various elements areillustrated as residing in one of those locations, the location of thevarious software elements may be moved between these locations. In itssimplest incarnation, the client application 210 may simply have variousmodes of input, various modes of output, and a communication mechanismto send the input to an interpreter, and receive the output from theinterpreter or another source. In another embodiment, the clientapplication 210 may provide software to interpret the input, and send aprocessed input to the multimodal input interpreter 250. In anotherembodiment, the client application 210 may incorporate the multimodalinput interpreter 250 into the same device, e.g. a kiosk or similardevice. Similarly, the application server 280 may reside on a separatesever, or on the same device as the client application 210 and/ormultimodal input interpreter 250. However, for simplicity, the elementsshown will be described as being associated with these particularsubsets of the task assistant system.

The client application 210 includes a plurality of input UI features215. Input UI features 215 may include one or more of speech input 217,touch input 219, text input 221, and motion input 223. Other modes ofinput, now existing or later developed, may also be included in input UI215. Such modes of input may include, for example, visual input, directbrain interface input, etc. In one embodiment, input UI 215 includes atleast two modes of input. In a preferred embodiment, input UI includesat least speech 217, touch 219, and text 221 input.

The client application 210 further includes a plurality of output UIfeatures 225. The output UI features may include one or more of voiceoutput 227, haptic output 229, text output 231, sound output 233, andvisual output 235. Sound output 233 is meant to include output that isaudio but not speech. For example tones, sounds, etc. would beconsidered sound output. Visual output 235 is meant to include outputthat is visual queues but does not include text. For example, icons,animations, color changes, flashing colors, and other such output wouldbe considered visual output.

In one embodiment, client application 210 includes communication logic214 to communicate with external application elements, such asmultimodal input interpreter 250 and application server 280.

In one embodiment, client application 210 further includes soft invoke212. Soft invoke 212 is an element that enables invocation of the clientapplication 210, without the use of a hardware element. For example, thesoft invoke 212 may display a soft button or other invocation mechanismon the user's device, enabling the user to invoke the client application210. In one embodiment, soft invoke 212 interfaces with an operatingsystem of the user device on which the client application 210 resides,and monitors a touch or other invocation of the client application 210.In one embodiment, soft invoke 212 may also include invocation using amotion pattern, or other mechanism. In one embodiment, when the clientapplication 210 is not active, the soft invoke 212 remains active tomonitor the system for invocation of the client application 210.

In one embodiment, client application 210 also includes context logic240. Context logic 240 maintains a context for a current session of theclient application 210. The context is defined by all prior interactionswhich have not been terminated. The context enables a user to use atruncated command structure to interact with the client application 210,by enabling the system to interpret contextual commands based on thecurrent session of interaction. For example, if a user has successfullymade a request in a banking application to show a current monthlystatement, a command saying “and the prior one?” would utilize thecontext of knowing what is currently displayed, and what was previouslyrequested, to display the prior month's monthly statement. In anotherembodiment, the context logic 240 may reside within multimodal inputinterpreter 250.

History & favorites store 242 maintains a history of successful queries,made available to the user for simple reuse. In one embodiment, thehistory is in a reverse chronological order. It also includes theability for users to mark any successfully executed query as a“favorite” and thus save it in the favorites store. In one embodiment, asuccessfully executed query displays a result including an icon. Theuser may select the icon to store the query as a favorite query. Thisicon may be a star, for example. This again enables simple and speedyreuse. In one embodiment, the favorites may be organized by category. Inone embodiment, the favorites may be presented to the user in a mannerthat takes advantage of the context, provided by context logic 240. Inon embodiment, history & favorites store 242 may reside on multimodalinput interpreter 250, rather than client application 210.

Contextual hints system 244 utilizes data from context logic 240 toprovide useful hints to the user. In one embodiment, the user may invokethe hints/suggestions system, at any point from the client application210. The hints displayed, however, will vary based on the context fromwhich the user invokes the hints 244. This will be described in moredetail below.

UI display controller 246, in one embodiment, enables the clientapplication 210 to provide push navigation. Push navigation may be usedwhen the system needs to present some information to the user. In oneembodiment, push navigation may also be used to redirect a user inresponse to a help request. In one embodiment, push notifications may beinvoked when the system determines that the user is in a high stresssituation, or a bad mood, and presenting either help or additionalinformation would be useful. In one embodiment, such a high stresssituations may be identified based sensing speech patterns, sensingmovements indicating stress level, identifying words indicating stress,and interpreting interactions with the system. In one embodiment, inaddition to providing push navigation in response to such high stresssituations, the system may also provide other feedback, in response.

Push navigation may include a push notification that is presentedoutside the application itself, using a notification mechanism. Thesenotifications, in one embodiment, may receive an acknowledgement fromthe user, which navigates the user to an anchor, at which furtherinformation is presented, or user input is requested.

Interpreter 248 may interpret the output data provided by applicationserver 280 and/or multimodal input interpreter 250, to convert the dataprovided to an appropriate output format. In one embodiment, thisenables the application server 280 to provide its data in unmodifiedform, and have the client application 210 provide the interpretation.This enables the use of the task assistant as an overlay on an existingapplication server providing data in its customary/proprietary format,without altering the underlying application server 280.

Multimodal input interpreter 250 receives data from client application210. In one embodiment, multimodal interpreter 250 receives raw inputdata. Speech interpreter 256 interprets speech input. Commandinterpreter interprets touch input, text input, motion input, as well asthe interpreter speech input, and other inputs. Command interpreter 258uses data from session context store 252, which provides context data,to interpret the meaning of commands.

In one embodiment, whenever a command is successfully interpreted,context updater 254 updates the context so that subsequent commandsutilize the up-to-date context information. In one embodiment, theupdated context is returned to context logic 240 in client application210.

In one embodiment, speech input may be commands or dictation. In oneembodiment, field recognition system 260 determines whether the speechinput interpreted by speech interpreter 256 is a command, to be passedto command interpreter 258 or dictation to be passed to dictation logic262. This depends on the field associated with the speech input. In oneembodiment, fields are tagged, and field recognition system 260recognizes the tag to determine whether to forward the data to commandinterpreter 258 or dictation logic 262.

Query logic 264 in one embodiment transforms the command, as determinedby command interpreter 258 into the appropriate format for applicationserver 280. This enables queries to be created in natural language, butinteract with an application server 280 which can only interpretcommands in a certain format. In one embodiment, the language used bythe query logic 264 is customized for the application server 280.

UI display selector 270 provides, on one embodiment a response to clientapplication 210 when the command interpreter 258 cannot successfullyparse a query/command from client application 210. For example, if thequery does not have sufficient context for interpretation, the feedbackmay be to provide a follow-up question. For another example, if thespeech cannot be interpreted due to noise or other factors, the UIdisplay selector 270 may select an appropriate feedback to be output byclient application 210. For example, the response may be a toneindicating lack of comprehension. In one embodiment, UI display selector270 may also provide non-informative feedback, when the query/request is“social” rather than content-based requests. As users interact withtheir devices, they imbue the devices with a “personality” and attemptto interact with them on a “social” level. For example, a user may askthe Task Assistant “do you like me?” This query need not be passed toapplication server 280, as no contentful reply is needed. Rather, the UIdisplay selector may select a “social reply” with associated sound orvisual outputs. For the query above, the response may be “of course, andI hope you like me too,” or something similar.

Anchor and navigation logic 272 enables navigation to various anchorpoints on pages of data. For example, in a help file, an anchor logicmay insert an anchor that allows linking directly to the relevantportion of the help file. Anchor & navigation logic 272 may interactwith push logic 274, to push the user to view/consume particularcontent. For example, if a new version of and End User Agreement isreleased, push logic 274 may push the user to view & accept the new EULAprior to continuing with other interactions. In one embodiment, pushlogic 274 interacts with UI display controller 246, to present pushnotifications, and/or push destinations to the user.

In one embodiment, anchor & navigation logic 272 interacts with templategenerator 273 to enable the generation of a temporary anchor point to agenerated template. This may be useful when the user requests a pagethat requires data collection, and no such page exists. The templategenerator 273 generates a temporary template, on the fly, allowing theuser to enter the data in connection with the user's query in a singlelocation. In one embodiment, the system may pre-populate the templatewith the relevant data available from the user's account.

The anchor and navigation logic generates a temporary anchor, so thatthe system can navigate the user to the temporary template. In oneembodiment, by using a temporary template with an anchor, the user canalso bookmark the template, enabling him or her to access that data morerapidly in the future. In one embodiment, the template generator 273 maybe replaced by, or may work with, template generation logic 245 inclient application 210.

Biometric authentication system 276 enables biometric authentication ofthe user, to access the client application 210, data on applicationserver 280, etc. In one embodiment, biometric authentication system 276further enables fast unlocking of a locked account, using clientapplication 210. This enables, in one embodiment, validation ofparticular transactions that would otherwise trigger lock-out from theuser's account, or locking down of associated credit cards or otheraccess mechanisms.

In one embodiment, biometric authentication system 276 utilizes adiscrimination task to ensure that the biometric data is being enteredby the live user, rather than being replayed. Thus, in one embodiment,instead of simply using a voiceprint in a password, the user ispresented with a discrimination task, using the multimodal features ofthe task assistant. For example, the user may be asked to say a worddisplayed on the screen, draw a shape as indicated via speech or text,etc. By requiring a non-recordable action, replay attacks are prevented.

Communication logic (not shown) receives query/input from clientapplication 210, sends the interpreted commands to application server280, and in some embodiments returns responses to client application210.

Application server 280 provides the content in responses to the user'squeries/requests. The application server 280 includes a communicationlogic 290, to receive interpreted responses from the multimodal inputinterpreter 250. In one embodiment, communication logic 290 may provideresponse data directly to client application 210. In another embodiment,the response data may be provided to multimodal input interpreter 250,which may adjust the response data format, prior to passing it to clientapplication 210.

User data access system 282 retrieves user data, from a local datastore, from a remote source, or from multiple local and/or remotesources, in response to the user's query. Response constructor 284constructs the response. Communication logic 290 sends the response tothe multimodal input interpreter 250 and/or the client application 210.

Biometric block/unblock 286 enables the user to utilize biometric input(which may be speech, touch, motion, or visual input), to block orunblock access or use of the user's data. For example, if an unusualtransaction is detected on the user's account, the user may, via clientapplication 210 unblock the transaction without requiring calling orotherwise directly interacting with the application.

Anchor logic 288 enables the application server 280 to be used to placeanchors in the text, as described above. In one embodiment, theseanchors may direct the user to various locations within documents. Inone embodiment, the anchors may also direct the user to variouslocations within an audio document, e.g. verbal instructions.

In this way, the system provides a task assistant that takes multimodalinputs, and provides multimodal outputs. The system provides an improvedinterface to an application.

FIG. 3 is an overview flowchart of using a task assistant includingmultimodal user interface system. The process starts at block 310. Inone embodiment, This process in one embodiment is available wheneverthere is an application that has an associated task assistant.

At block 320, the task assistant is invoked. In one embodiment, the taskassistant may be invoked using a soft invoke, such as a soft button. Inone embodiment, the task assistant may be invoked using a verbalcommand. In one embodiment, the task assistant may be invoked using amotion command. Other methods of invoking the task assistant may beused.

At block 330, input is received from the user. The input may be in theform of text entry, speech entry, touch/motion entry, or another type ofentry.

At block 340, the system interprets the input, translates it to theappropriate format, and sends the command to the native application.This translation enables the user to utilized standard speech, withouthaving to remember particular commands, and control a native applicationthat does not itself has speech interpretation or natural languagecapabilities.

At block 350, the process determines whether the user's input shouldcause an expected response. In one embodiment, the user input may be arequest for data. In one embodiment, the user input may result infeedback indicating an unsuccessful or successful action. If results areexpected, the process continues to block 360.

At block 360, the process determines whether the results are received.In one embodiment, results may be received from the application serveror another location. Until results are received, the process waits. Onceresults are received, the process continues to block 370, to display theresults in the user interface. In one embodiment, the results aredisplayed in the interface of the task assistant itself. In anotherembodiment, the results may be displayed in the user interface of theunderlying application, rather than the task assistant. The process thencontinues to block 380.

If no results are expected, at block 350, the process continues directlyto block 380.

At block 380, the process determines whether the task assistant has beenterminated. In one embodiment, the task assistant may be manuallyterminated by the user. In one embodiment, the task assistant may beterminated when it times out, after it is not used for some time. If theprocess has not been terminated, the process returns to block 330 toawait input from the user. Otherwise, at block 390, the process ends.

FIG. 4A is a state diagram of the various system states. These statesare exemplary, and one or more of the states may be eliminated withoutaltering the underlying functionality of the system. FIG. 4B showsexemplary visual representations of the various states. The systemstarts in the inactive state, in one embodiment. In one embodiment, thesystem is inactive when the user has affirmatively terminated the taskassistant. In one embodiment, the task assistant is not inactive whenthe application to which it is attached is active. When active, the taskassistant moves to the “active, not listening” state. In this state, thetask assistant is not monitoring speech input.

When listening is activated, either via soft invocation or otherwise,the state changes to active and listening. Optionally, a volume feedbackuser interface feature may be displayed. This may be useful to show theuser when the speech is too soft, or when the background noise is toohigh to successfully parse user voice input. In one embodiment, in theactive/listening stage, the task assistant is also capable of acceptingnon-speech input such as text, gesture, or other input. In oneembodiment, the listening state feedback provides a visual feedbackusing a minimal number of vector representations, such that the filesize is small. For example, in one embodiment, the listening may beindicated by a spinning icon, while the user volume may be indicated bya brightening of the icon as the user's volume is increased. In oneembodiment, this enables the icon to provide feedback, withoutnecessitating the inclusion of an equalizer display or other separatemeans of state representation.

When user input is received, visual feedback is provided, indicatingthat a command/input has been received. The task assistant moves to the“active and processing user input” stage. In one embodiment, visualfeedback is provided showing the processing. In one embodiment, thisfeedback is an animation, such as a spinning sign, or something similar,to indicate active processing.

When the user input is parsed, it is sent off to generate a responsefrom the application, in one embodiment. In one embodiment, the systemcontinues to display the “processing” state, while awaiting response.When response is received, the task assistant moves to the active anproviding information to user state. In one embodiment, this includesresponse data such as past transactions or pending transactions, as wellas input data confirming successful execution of a command, e.g. “Asinstructed, the invoice was authorized for payment and will be paid.”The system then moves back to the active and listening state. In oneembodiment, the user dismisses the information being provided.

In one embodiment, the user may move directly back into the active andprocessing user input state, if the dismissal of the information beingprovided is accompanied by input requesting updated information. Forexample, the user may move from the active and providing info to theuser stage to the active and processing user input stage by making analteration to the displayed user query. FIG. 5B shows the Active andproviding info to user display. As can be seen in that example, thequery that was processed is displayed across the bottom, enabling theuser to see the results of the processing of the user input. The usermay move directly to this screen to the active and processing inputscreen, by, for example, removing one of the limitations shown in theuser query. In one embodiment, this may be done by clicking on aselected limitation, thereby removing it.

In one embodiment, while the system is in the active and providing infoto user state, the system is also actively listening for subsequentcommands. Thus, the system loops back into the active and listeningstate.

If the user's input was not successfully parsed, the system moves to theActive and Providing feedback to the user. In one embodiment, a visualfeedback indicating that the input could not be parsed is provided. Thesystem then automatically moves back to the active and listening state,to await the user's corrected phrasing.

In one embodiment, this may be the case if the query could not beprocessed at all, e.g. the user input could not be parsed. In oneembodiment, this may be the case when the query is incomplete, andadditional data is requested. In one embodiment, in that case, thefeedback includes asking for the missing information. For example, ifthe user, without context, asks for “my balance,” the system may requestthe specific account(s) for which the user is requesting his or herbalance. Thus, the system would go to active and providing feedbackstate, and request the user to specify the account. The system thenmoves to the active and listening state. As noted above, because contextis maintained, the user may respond to this follow-up with a simple oneword answer, without having to restate the original query.

In one embodiment, the user may cancel the unsuccessful query thatresulted in a follow-up question. For example, the user may select a“cancel” option. In one embodiment, the system may accept a verbalcancelation as well, e.g. the user saying “cancel the prior request,” orsomething similar. This, in one embodiment, removes that request fromthe context. In this way, the system moves through various states. Inone embodiment, the system is always in the “Active and listening” stageunless the user manually inactivates the task assistant. The active andlistening state is present when the system is parsing, as well as whenthe system is providing information and/or feedback to the user. Inanother embodiment, the system is in the active and listening state,except when the system is parsing a prior input. That is, in oneembodiment when the system is actively processing input, it is notlistening for user input.

FIG. 5A illustrates the various input and output formats, in oneembodiment. The input formats, in one embodiment, includes voice input,e.g. the user speaking. In one embodiment, voice input utilizes naturallanguage such that no commands are needed. In one embodiment, the systemincludes commands as well as natural language capabilities. The usermay, in one embodiment, have short verbal commands for frequently usedcomplex requests. For example, if the user often requests the pastmonth's checks for amounts over $100 that have cleared, the system inone embodiment, enables the user to set up a shorter verbal command, aswell as save the command as a Favorite, and thus repeat it with twoclicks rather than having to phrase it.

Text input allows typed commands, and in one embodiment includes naturallanguage parsing of text inputs.

Touch input, in one embodiment, includes the ability to dismiss elementsof a previously executed command. In the above, example, if the useroften requests the past month's checks for amounts over $100 that havecleared, the response may include the elements of the request, e.g.“past month” “checks” “>$100” “cleared.” The user may dismiss one ormore of these elements, for example the amount or the date range. Othertouch inputs may include interacting with the displayed data returned bythe task assistant, to obtain further information regarding a particularitem.

Movement input, in one embodiment, includes command gestures. Forexample, the invocation of the task assistant may be done through amotion command. Another example is using motion commands to changepages, or cancel transactions. Other ways of using motion commands mayalso be used.

The system may also support multiple types of outputs. In oneembodiment, speech input may enable the reading aloud of the response.Speech output may also include feedback output, e.g. requesting furtherinformation or indicating that the user input could not be parsed. Inone embodiment, the system may additionally include non-substantivespeech responses, e.g. a “thank you” or similar response to positiveinteractions. In one embodiment, the user may turn on and off speechoutput.

Non-speech sound outputs may include feedback sounds, e.g. a soundindicating that the system is processing, that the system could notparse input, or that additional data is needed. Non-speech sound outputsmay also include non-substantive responses, such as a giggle or similarresponse to interactions.

Text output may include data output. It may also include text feedback.In one embodiment, the text output may be accompanied by an audio outputto alert the user to the presence of the text output.

Non-text visual output may include relevant image data that isresponsive to a query, as well as icons, color changes, intensitychanges (e.g. brightening the screen) and other visual indicators thatmay be used. The non-text visual outputs may provide data, providealerts, and/or provide non-substantive feedback. For example, in oneembodiment, the task assistant may “blush” when complimented.

In one embodiment, the system may also provide haptic output. Hapticoutput is touch-based output, such as vibration. In one embodiment,haptic output may be used as a feedback mechanism, or an alertingmechanism.

FIG. 5B-F illustrate screen shots of the various output formats.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of one embodiment of the input to the taskassistant. The process starts at block 610. In one embodiment, theprocess starts whenever the task assistant is in the active listeningstate.

At block 615, the process determines whether input ahs been received. Asnoted above, input may be speech, typing/text, motion, or anotherformat. The process waits for input, looping around until input isreceived.

When input is received at block 620 the process determines whether thereis any context. Context is prior interactions, in the same session,which provide information used to interpret a request. If there is nocontext, at block 625 a query is crated based on the input. If there iscontext, at block 630 an updated query is created based on the input andthe context. The process then continues to block 635.

At block 635, the process determines whether the input can beinterpreted. An input can be interpreted if the query can be identified.If the input cannot be interpreted, at block 640, feedback is provided.The feedback indicates that the input could not be interpreted and asksfor additional data. The process then returns to block 615, to awaitfurther input.

If the input could be interpreted, at block 635, the process continuesto block 645. At block 645, the process determines whether the query iscomplete. A query is complete if it can be executed without anyadditional information. Some queries are not complete, because theyrequire additional information. If the query is complete, at block 655,the query is passed to the application, translated if needed. Becausethe query can be entered in a natural language format, the query mayneed to be translated for the native application on which the taskassistant depends. The completed query is then passed to theapplication, for response.

The system then updates the context based on the query data. Thismaintains the context with complete information. It also enables a laterquery to be much more succinct. The process then returns to block 615,to continue monitoring for input.

If the query is not complete, the process continues to block 650, andasks for the additional necessary data to complete the query. Becausethe system maintains state, the user need not provide the completequery, just the missing information. The process then continues to block660, to update context, before returning to block 615, to await input ofthe additional data.

In this way, the task assistant monitors the system for input, and sendscomplete queries to the application for response. Once the applicationprocesses these responses in the conventional way, the data is passed tothe application. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of one embodiment of the outputfrom the task assistant when data is received from the application. Theprocess starts at block 710. This process in one embodiment starts whenthe application indicates that it is about to send data to the taskassistant.

At block 715, data is received from the application. In one embodiment,the data is received in the native format for the application.

At block 720, the data is formatted for the task assistant's userinterface. In one embodiment, the formatting depends on the taskassistant and the device on which the task assistant is running. Forexample, the data may need to be formatted differently when displayingon a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, or a kioskdisplay.

At block 725, the response data is displayed in the UI, includingfeedback of the query it is responsive to. One exemplary display isshown in FIG. 5B. The responsive data 510 is shown in one portion of theUI, while the interpreted query 520 is shown in a different portion ofthe UI. In one embodiment, the interpreted query is shown in a way thatenables the user to interact with the interpreted query by removingportions of the query, or otherwise making alterations. In oneembodiment, the raw query data and context is also shown.

At block 730, the process determines whether confirmation is appropriatefor the data being presented. Confirmation, in one embodiment, isappropriate for any action instructed by the user. For example, if theoriginal query/request was “Transfer $1000 from the savings account tothe checking account,” the responsive data indicates that this transferrequest was received, and requests a confirmation. In one embodiment,any time the user is authorizing an action to be taken, rather thanmerely obtaining data about the existing status, confirmation isappropriate.

If confirmation is appropriate, the user is asked to confirm the action,at block 755. In one embodiment, the confirmation request may be part ofthe display UI, as shown in FIG. 5B, with a third portion of the UIrequesting confirmation.

At block 760, the process determines whether the user has confirmed. Ifso, at block 765, the instructions are sent to the application toexecute based on the confirmed action taken. In one embodiment, theprocess then provides a receipt to the user. FIG. 5E illustrates oneembodiment of such a receipt. In one embodiment, the user is able toshare and/or save the receipt. This may be used as proof that an actionwas taken. For example, if the user is sending money to someone, he orshe may want to share that the money has been sent, by sharing thereceipt. The process then continues to block 735. If at block 760, theuser did not confirm the action, the process continues directly to block735. If confirmation was determined not to be needed, at block 730, theprocess continues directly to block 735 as well.

At block 735, the query is stored in the history of successful queries.In one embodiment, the system maintains a store of successfully executedqueries, in reverse historical order (e.g. most recent on the top).

At block 740, the process determines whether the user wants to save thequery as a Favorite. In one embodiment, the response UI screen includesthe option to save as favorite. This is shown in FIG. 5E, as Save 540.If the user wants to save the query, at bock 745, the query is savedinto the favorites list. This would enable the user to select the queryfor repetition, rather than reentering the query and context. Theprocess then ends at block 750.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of one embodiment of interactions maintainingcontext, enabling filtering. The process starts at block 810. Thisflowchart shows an intersection of user input, application output, anduser interaction with the output.

At block 820, input is received and parsed. In one embodiment, thisincludes the request for additional data, adding of context, and otheraspects discussed above in connection with parsing input.

At block 830, data is retrieved in response to the input. In oneembodiment, the data is retrieved from the native application.

At block 840, the result is displayed, along with the hierarchy offilters that were generated based on the query. FIG. 5B illustrates anexemplary display of the result. The hierarchy of results, in oneembodiment, is displayed in order from least to most restrictive.

At block 850, the process determines whether the user removed a filterterm. In one embodiment, the user may remove filter terms by clickingthem in the results. In one embodiment, the user may remove filter termsby verbally instructing removal. Alternative ways of removing filterterms may be used. If the user removed the filter term, the processcontinues to block 860. At block 860, the updated query is sent to beprocessed, and the updated search results are retrieved. At block 870,the context is updated, and the process returns to block 840, to displaythe result with the updated search terms.

If the user did not remove a filter term, at block 850, the processdetermines at block 880 whether the user added a search term. In oneembodiment, the user may add a search term by typing in an additionalterm, to add to the hierarchy of filters.

In one embodiment, some popular filtering search terms may be providedalong with the results. In one embodiment, if there are more than apredetermined number of results to the query, additional filter termsmay be provided for the user. For example, if the user's query is“transactions on account X” the most recent transactions may be providedin order. The system may further display likely limits, e.g. “cleared”or “last 10” or “this month” etc. FIG. 5D illustrates one example ofsuch a transaction summary showing the last five checks that cleared.FIG. 5F illustrates an alternative example, showing recent transactionswith a particular company, in the example shown, PETCO. In oneembodiment, as shown, rather than presenting a scroll bar, which can bedifficult to manage on a small screen, the system utilizes a pagingdisplay, here showing page one of two. If the user added a search termthe process continues to block 850, to retrieve the updated results.Otherwise, the process returns to block 820, to await further input.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of one embodiment of passing context betweenvarious devices that may be utilized by a user. The process starts atblock 910. In one embodiment, this process is active whenever the taskassistant is active.

At block 920, a query for a task is received on a device. In oneembodiment, the processing described above with respect to FIG. 6 may beused.

At block 930, the process responds and saves the context of the request.In one embodiment, the processing described above with respect to FIG. 7maybe used.

At block 935, the process determines whether the user made anotherquery. If so, the process returns to block 920, to accept the query, andrespond in the standard way.

If no additional query is made on the original device, the processcontinues to block 940.

At block 940, the process determines if the user accessed the taskassistant via another device. In one embodiment, an active session,including context, may be transferred from one device to another. In oneembodiment, if the same account is logged into, while the session isactive, the user's context is transferred. In one embodiment, this isdone by allowing the new device access to a log of the prior queries. Inone embodiment, this means that a user may be able to see the results ofa query on multiple devices concurrently. In one embodiment, the systemthen mirrors the same responses to queries to multiple devices.

If the user did not access the task from a different device, the processat block 970 determines whether the timer has expired. The timer, in oneembodiment, times out the log that is maintained, after a period oftime. If not, the process returns to block 935 to continue monitoringfor another query on the same device or a different device. If the timerhas expired, at block 980, the log is deleted, and the task assistant isclosed. The process then ends at block 990.

If at block 940, the process determined that the user is accessing thesame task assistant through another device, the process continues toblock 950.

At block 950, the log of the query is passed to the new device. In oneembodiment, the log includes all prior queries, which remain relevant,executed during this session. In another embodiment, the log includesthe last successful query only. The log spawns the context on the newdevice. In one embodiment, the system then closes the task assistant onthe device that has been transferred from.

At block 960, the system displays the response to the last queryexecuted on the prior device to the user, and enables the user tofurther interact with the new device. In one embodiment, the systemindicates that context has been transferred, and enables the user toterminate the context. In one embodiment, the user is thus shown thesame screen on the new device that was last seen prior to the transferto the new device. In this way, in one embodiment, a seamless to theuser transfer can be achieved. In one embodiment, this can beparticularly useful when the user is working on a small screen and therequested data is of significant size. For example, in a medicalapplication, if the user requests an image on a small device, it may bevery useful to transfer the request to a larger device.

In one embodiment, the transfer to the other device may be initiated invarious ways. In one embodiment, the user may simply log into the seconddevice's application. In one embodiment, the user may log into thesecond device's application, while having the first device in closeproximity. In one embodiment, the second device and the first devicecommunicate over a local area network such as Bluetooth to verifyproximity. In one embodiment, a gesture may be used on a mobile deviceto transfer context to the other device. In one embodiment, contactbetween the devices may be used to initialize transfer of context.Alternative means of transferring context may be used.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of one embodiment of push navigation and otherinformation assistance provided to the user. The assistance may be invarious formats. The process starts at block 1010. In one embodiment,the process starts when the user logs into the system, or accesses thedevice on which the system resides. In one embodiment, for certain pushnavigation modes, the push navigation may be done as a notificationpresented outside the application, on a mobile or other device.

At block 1015, the process determines whether there is any pushnavigation information that needs to be presented to the user. Pushnavigation includes, in one embodiment, pages that the user is navigatedto, without the user's request. This may include new usage terms,changes in the structure or authentication of the service, other aspectsthat the user needs to be informed about. In one embodiment, pushnavigation includes promotional insets. In one embodiment, pushnavigation includes a system modal alert.

In one embodiment, push navigation may include other notifications thatare presented to the user. Such notifications may include, for example,account blocks, confirmation required actions, notifications requiringacknowledgement, etc. For example, in a banking context, the pushnavigation may provide a notice if there is an insufficient funds issue,or a potential credit card block place. In a travel context, the pushnavigation may provide a notice of a flight delay, availability of anupgrade, or price change for a ticket. In a medical context, the pushnavigation may provide a notice of results being available, a need tocome in to the doctor's office, etc. In one embodiment, the pushnotification may be generated outside the application. In oneembodiment, the push notification may be generated outside the userdevice, on a server, or in the network cloud.

If there are any push navigation destinations, at block 1020 the pushnavigation information is presented to the user. In one embodiment, theuser is informed of the push navigation destination, and given amechanism to return to their prior location in the application/taskassistant. In one embodiment, the push data may be presented in theapplications native UI, once the task assistant recognizes the presenceof such push data, and navigates to them. In one embodiment, the pushdata may be presented in a pop-up or similar mechanism. In oneembodiment, the push navigation may be presented as part of the hintspanel, as a separate tab.

The process then continues to block 1025. If there was no pushnavigation data found at block 1015, the process continues directly toblock 1025. In another embodiment, if the push navigation data ispresented outside the application itself, when the user acknowledges thepush navigation data, the push navigation data is dismissed, and theuser is returned to the previous state of the device. If push navigationwas accessed within the application, the process continues as describedbelow.

At block 1025, the process determines whether the user navigated to thehints panel. FIG. 11B illustrates one embodiment of a user interfacedisplay shows the various types of help available in separate tabs. Inone embodiment, the hints panel is available at any time using a typicaldiscoverable user interface, such as a button or gesture interface. Forexample, in one embodiment, an upward swipe on a touch screen device maytake the user to the hints panel. In one embodiment, other simplegestures, shaking the device, swiping across, tapping in a particularpattern, may also invoke the hints panel. In one embodiment, the usermay also manually navigate to the hints panel.

If so, the process determines at block 1030 whether there is transactioncontext available. Transaction context is based on the user'sinteractions with the system in this session, including which page thehelp page was invoked from, prior requests, and any unsuccessfulattempts at queries.

If there is no transaction context, at block 1035, the hints arepresented in an algorithmic order. In one embodiment, the algorithmicorder is a random order, set so that the user is unlikely to see thesame subset of hints on subsequent visits. In one embodiment, thealgorithmic order is based on query complexity, starting with thesimplest query. In one embodiment, the algorithmic order is based on oneor more of query complexity, query frequency, and prior viewing of thehints. In one embodiment, the algorithmic order may further includesub-sections based on query types, such that the user can restrict thehints by adding a context. One example of such a listing of hints isshown in FIG. 11A. In one embodiment, once the user selects a particularhint type, subsequent hints focus on the selected hint type in oneembodiment. The process then ends, at block 1075.

If there is transaction context, the process continues to block 1040. Atblock 1040, the process determines whether there is available usercontext. User context provides personalization, such that the hints arenot only relevant to the transaction, but also relevant to the user. Forexample, instead of saying “Would you like to pay your bills” the usercontext personalized hint may say “Would you like to pay your Cable Billof $42.99.”

If user context is available, at block 1050, the personalized subset ofhints are presented to the user. The personalized subset of hints, inone embodiment, relate to the user context. The process then ends, atblock 1075.

If no user context is available, the process at block 1045, presents thetransaction-context based relevant hints. The process then ends at block1075.

Note that while not illustrated, in one embodiment, the user mayinteract with the hints. For example, the user may select a hint, andcontinue to a linked hint, or return from a particular hint to the hinttype. As the user navigates, in one embodiment, the system builds upuser context and transaction context for further hint displays.

If, at block 1025, it was found that the user did not invoke hints, theprocess continues to block 1055, and determines whether the user wishedto view the history. History is the list of past successful queries thatwere executed by this user on the system. If the user is requestinghistory, at block 1060, a reverse chronological list of past successfulrequests is presented to the user. The process then ends.

If the user did not ask for history, the process determines whether theuser requested to see his or her favorites, at block 1065. Favorites arestored past transactions that had been marked as “Favorite” so that theywould remain available. If the user asks for favorites, at block 1070,the favorites are displayed. In one embodiment, the favorites aredisplayed in a reverse chronological order. In another embodiment,favorites may be displayed by request type, complexity, frequency ofuse, or other ordering methods. The process then ends at block 1075.While not illustrated, in one embodiment, the help system also includesthe traditional Help feature, which provides data to the user about thepage from which the help feature is invoked. In one embodiment, this mayinclude providing description of the techniques as well as the modes ofinteraction available. FIG. 11F illustrates one embodiment of such apage.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of one embodiment of intelligent form filling.The process starts at block 1210. At block 1220, speech input isreceived. At block 1230, the process determines whether the speech inputis associated with the user filling a form. In one embodiment, the usermay utilize the task assistant's multimodal input to fill forms. If theuser is not filling a form, at block 1260, the process receives thespeech input, analyzes it to determine the query being made. That is,the speech input is treated as command input. The process then continuesto block 1270 to determine whether the user is done. In one embodiment,whether the user is done may be determined by the user manuallyindicating being done, or stopping speech input for a preset period oftime. If the user is not yet done, the process returns to block 1220, tocontinue receiving speech input. In one embodiment, the user cancontinuously speak during this process. When the user is done, theprocess terminates at block 1280.

If the user was found to be filling a form, at block 1230, the processdetermines at block 1240 whether the field being filled is flagged fordictation. In many documents that may be filled by a user, there arefields that require content such as filling in one's name, and somefields that are free form and accept dictation. For example, a “comment”section in a check payment is free form data. If the field is notflagged as dictation, the process continues to block 1260 and treats theuser's speech input as query/command input.

If the field is flagged as dictation, at block 1250, the input isreceived and processed for text recognition without interpretation orcontext. The system simply converts speech to text, and places the textin the “dictation” flagged field. The process then continues to block1270 to determine whether the user is done.

In this way, the system enables the user to have a speech input, forcommands or dictation, without requiring the user to manually make theselection or without cluttering up the display.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of one embodiment of navigation using anchorpoints. The process starts at block 1310. At block 1320, user input isreceived, and interpreted.

At block 1330, the process determines whether the query is complete, andcan be sent to the application for response. If the query is notcomplete, the process at block 1335 requests additional information fromthe user. In one embodiment, the additional information request may bein the form of a question. In one embodiment, the question may be askedverbally, requesting a speech-based response. Alternatively, thequestion may be presented in different ways. The process then returns toblock 1320, to await the user's response to the question to complete thequery.

If the query is complete, the process continues to block 1340. At block1340, the process determines whether the query has a response page. Ifso, the process continues to block 1355.

At block 1355, the process identifies data responsive to the user'srequest. At block 1360, the process determines whether the data has anassociated anchor point. Data that is associated that text, rather thanactive data, is associated with anchor points. If there is no associatedanchor point, at block 1365, the data is pulled and displayed to theuser. If there is an associated anchor point, the process continues toblock 1370.

At block 1370, the system provides navigation to the relevant anchorpoint, and provides the information requested by the user. FIG. 14illustrates an exemplary text with anchor points. Anchor points may beat the top of a page of text, or within the text itself. In either case,the anchor point provides a navigation location, to which the user cango. This enables the user to directly go to the relevant segment in thetext.

At block 1380, the process determines whether the user wishes tobookmark the anchor point. If so, the anchor is stored, and associatedwith the user intent/user request. In one embodiment, such bookmarks arestored in a similar list as favorites. The process then ends at block1395.

If, at block 1340, the process determined that the query has does nothave a response page, the process continues to block 1345.

At block 1345, the process determines whether a response page can begenerated. If so, at block 1350, a blank template page is generated, anda temporary anchor is set for the newly generated page. This on-the-flygeneration of the response page is used to enable data collectionwithout multiple pages, and data presentation in a more convenientformat. By including a temporary anchor for the blank template, thesystem enables the user to bookmark the generated page, for later reuse.The process then continues to block 1370. If no response page can begenerated, at block 1345, the process ends at block 1395.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of one embodiment of incorporating pushnavigation into navigation including anchor points. The process startsat block 1510.

The process starts at block 1510. At block 1515, user input is received,and interpreted.

At block 1520, the process determines whether the interaction indicatesthat the user is under high stress, or in a bad mood, or otherwiseshould have additional interaction, based on something other than therequest itself. In one embodiment, push notifications may be invokedwhen the system determines that the user is in a high stress situation,or a bad mood, and presenting either help or additional informationwould be useful. In one embodiment, such a high stress situations may beidentified based sensing speech patterns, sensing movements indicatingstress level, identifying words indicating stress, and interpretinginteractions with the system. In one embodiment, in addition toproviding push navigation in response to such high stress situations,the system may also provide other feedback, in response.

If the system determines that the user's request indicates high stress,the process at block 1525, uses the push system to push helpful data tothe user, to reduce stress. In one embodiment, the helpful data mayprovide feedback on how to fix an inaccurate interaction with thesystem. In one embodiment, the helpful location may provide suggestionson how to phrase a request. In one embodiment, the helpful data may be acontent-free interaction designed to reduce stress. In one embodiment,the helpful data may provide other data. The process enables, in oneembodiment, the user to return to block 1530, from the pushed data. Ifthe interaction did not indicate high stress, the process continuesdirectly to block 1530.

At block 1530, the process determines whether the query requires a databased response. In one embodiment, some queries do not require data as aresponse. If no data is required, for example the interaction is contentfree, at block 1540, feedback is provided to the user. This enables“social” interactions between the task assistant and the user. Theprocess then ends at block 1590.

If the response requires data, at block 1550, the information to bepresented is identified, and so is the associated anchor point if itexists. At block 1560, the process determines whether the data should bepresented in a separate overlay. In one embodiment, data from a documentwith anchor points may be presented as part of the continuous document,or in a separate overlay format.

If the data should be presented inline, the process continues to block1570. At block 1570, the system provides navigation to the relevantanchor point, and provides the information requested by the user. FIG.14 illustrates an exemplary text with anchor points. Anchor points maybe at the top of a page of text, or within the text itself. In eithercase, the anchor point provides a navigation location, to which the usercan go. This enables the user to directly go to the relevant segment inthe text. The process then ends.

Alternative, at block 1580, the data is pulled from the anchor point,and presented in a separate overlay. This enables the presentation ofcomplex data without clutter. The process then ends at block 1590.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of one embodiment of utilizing biometricauthorization. The process starts at block 1610. In one embodiment, theprocess starts when the user opens the underlying application. At block1615, log-in is received from the user. In one embodiment, the user maylog into the system using a voice biometric. In one embodiment, apassword or other method of logging in, a combined method may be used.

At block 1620, the process determines whether there is a hold or blockon the user's account. A user account hold may be placed, for example ona banking application, if there is suspicious activity. This suspiciousactivity may have taken place within the application or in associationwith a credit card or other payment format affiliated with theapplication. A block may be placed by the user, as described below.

If there is a hold or block on the account, at block 1625, the user isdirected to a verification screen, showing the disputed matter or block.In one embodiment, the push navigation method, described above, may beused for this feature.

At block 1630, the process determines whether the user validated thematter/removed the block. The user may indicate that he or she approvesthe transaction, and wishes for it to be completed, if the hold is of aparticular transaction. The user may indicate that he or she wishes toremove the block on the account, reactivate the particular card,re-enable access through a particular device, or otherwise adjust thesystem. If the user does not choose to validate the matter/remove theblock, the item may be flagged as “denied by user,” at block 1635. Ifthe block is present, the block may be maintained.

If the user indicates that he or she wishes to approve the action, theprocess continues to block 1640.

At block 1640, biometric authentication is requested. This is to ensurethat only the actual user can approve any such flagged transactions, orblock or unblock the account, card, device, etc. In one embodiment,biometric authentication includes a discrimination task to ensure thatthe biometric data is being entered by the live user, rather than beingreplayed. Thus, in one embodiment, instead of simply using a voiceprintin a password, the user is presented with a discrimination task, usingthe multimodal features of the task assistant. For example, the user maybe asked to say a word displayed on the screen, draw a shape asindicated via speech or text, etc. By requiring a non-recordable action,replay attacks are prevented.

At block 1645, the process determines whether the user's biometricidentity has been successfully received and live user status has beenverified. In one embodiment, the biometric may be a voice biometric,enabling the speech processing system to be used. In one embodiment,multiple aspects of the multimodal system are used, requiring the userto prove not only his or her identity, but also that he or she is inpossession of the appropriate user device.

If the user's identity is verified, the real-time unblock/releaserequest is passed to the application, at block 1650. The application canthen quickly unblock the account hold. This enables real-timeunblocking/releasing of blocks and approval of questionable transactionsby an authenticated user. If the verification fails, at block 1645, theaccount may be flagged as compromised and locked down. In oneembodiment, this only occurs after multiple failed biometricauthentications. The process then ends at block 1660.

In one embodiment, at block 1620, if there are no holds or blocks on theuser account the process continues to block 1665. At block 1665, thesystem enables the user to request blocking of a transaction and/or acard or device. If the user requests blocking, the system at block 1670blocks the card/device/account as requested. In one embodiment, theuser's biometric authentication is also requested for such a blockingoption.

In this way, the system enables a user to unblock transactions, or blocktransactions nearly in real-time without having to go through thecumbersome system provided by most institutions for unblocking blockedtransactions. Additionally, in one embodiment, this system may be usedto enable the user to quickly block problematic transactions as they areinitially noticed. By being able to track activity in nearly real-time,the cost to institutions, as well as the risk to users, is significantlyreduced. Furthermore, by providing to the user the ability to requesttemporary blocking of the account, the needless expense and frustrationof having to cancel accounts and reorder cards when a device or card ismisplaced is also eliminated.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a particular machine that may be used withthe task assistant described. It will be apparent to those of ordinaryskill in the art, however that other alternative systems of varioussystem architectures may also be used.

The data processing system illustrated in FIG. 17 includes a bus orother internal communication means 1740 for communicating information,and a processing unit 1710 coupled to the bus 1740 for processinginformation. The processing unit 1710 may be a central processing unit(CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or another type of processingunit 1710.

The system further includes, in one embodiment, a random access memory(RAM) or other volatile storage device 1720 (referred to as memory),coupled to bus 1740 for storing information and instructions to beexecuted by processor 1710. Main memory 1720 may also be used forstoring temporary variables or other intermediate information duringexecution of instructions by processing unit 1710.

The system also comprises in one embodiment a read only memory (ROM)1750 and/or static storage device 1750 coupled to bus 1740 for storingstatic information and instructions for processor 1710. In oneembodiment the system also includes a data storage device 1730 such as amagnetic disk or optical disk and its corresponding disk drive, or Flashmemory or other storage which is capable of storing data when no poweris supplied to the system. Data storage device 1730 in one embodiment iscoupled to bus 1740 for storing information and instructions.

The system may further be coupled to an output device 1770, such as acathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display (LCD) coupled to bus1740 through bus 1760 for outputting information. The output device 1770may be a visual output device, an audio output device, and/or tactileoutput device (e.g. vibrations, etc.)

An input device 1775 may be coupled to the bus 1760. The input device1775 may be an alphanumeric input device, such as a keyboard includingalphanumeric and other keys, for enabling a user to communicateinformation and command selections to processing unit 1710. Anadditional user input device 1780 may further be included. One such userinput device 1780 is cursor control device 1780, such as a mouse, atrackball, stylus, cursor direction keys, or touch screen, may becoupled to bus 1740 through bus 1760 for communicating directioninformation and command selections to processing unit 1710, and forcontrolling movement on display device 1770.

Another device, which may optionally be coupled to computer system 1700,is a network device 1785 for accessing other nodes of a distributedsystem via a network. The communication device 1785 may include any of anumber of commercially available networking peripheral devices such asthose used for coupling to an Ethernet, token ring, Internet, or widearea network, personal area network, wireless network or other method ofaccessing other devices. The communication device 1785 may further be anull-modem connection, or any other mechanism that provides connectivitybetween the computer system 1700 and the outside world.

Note that any or all of the components of this system illustrated inFIG. 17 and associated hardware may be used in various embodiments ofthe present invention.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that theparticular machine that embodies the present invention may be configuredin various ways according to the particular implementation. The controllogic or software implementing the present invention can be stored inmain memory 1720, mass storage device 1730, or other storage mediumlocally or remotely accessible to processor 1710.

It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that thesystem, method, and process described herein can be implemented assoftware stored in main memory 1720 or read only memory 1750 andexecuted by processor 1710. This control logic or software may also beresident on an article of manufacture comprising a computer readablemedium having computer readable program code embodied therein and beingreadable by the mass storage device 1730 and for causing the processor1710 to operate in accordance with the methods and teachings herein.

The present invention may also be embodied in a handheld or portabledevice containing a subset of the computer hardware components describedabove. For example, the handheld device may be configured to containonly the bus 1715, the processor 1710, and memory 1750 and/or 1725.

The handheld device may be configured to include a set of buttons orinput signaling components with which a user may select from a set ofavailable options. These could be considered input device #1 1775 orinput device #2 1780. The handheld device may also be configured toinclude an output device 1770 such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) ordisplay element matrix for displaying information to a user of thehandheld device. Conventional methods may be used to implement such ahandheld device. The implementation of the present invention for such adevice would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art given thedisclosure of the present invention as provided herein.

The present invention may also be embodied in a special purposeappliance including a subset of the computer hardware componentsdescribed above, such as a kiosk or a vehicle. For example, theappliance may include a processing unit 1710, a data storage device1730, a bus 1740, and memory 1720, and no input/output mechanisms, oronly rudimentary communications mechanisms, such as a small touch-screenthat permits the user to communicate in a basic manner with the device.In general, the more special-purpose the device is, the fewer of theelements need be present for the device to function. In some devices,communications with the user may be through a touch-based screen, orsimilar mechanism. In one embodiment, the device may not provide anydirect input/output signals, but may be configured and accessed througha website or other network-based connection through network device 1785.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that anyconfiguration of the particular machine implemented as the computersystem may be used according to the particular implementation. Thecontrol logic or software implementing the present invention can bestored on any machine-readable medium locally or remotely accessible toprocessor 1710. A machine-readable medium includes any mechanism forstoring information in a form readable by a machine (e.g. a computer).For example, a machine-readable medium includes read-only memory (ROM),random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storagemedia, flash memory devices, or other storage media which may be usedfor temporary or permanent data storage. In one embodiment, the controllogic may be implemented as transmittable data, such as electrical,optical, acoustical or other forms of propagated signals (e.g. carrierwaves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.)

In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described withreference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will, however,be evident that various modifications and changes may be made theretowithout departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention asset forth in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are,accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictivesense.

We claim:
 1. A method comprising: receiving user input at a clientdevice; analyzing the user input to detect a stress level or a mood;determining, based at least in part on the stress level or the mood, tooutput a push notification to the user; and presenting, by the clientdevice, the push notification, wherein the push notification comprisesat least one suggestion for phrasing a user input request correspondingto an application, and wherein the suggestion comprises feedback on howto fix an inaccurate interaction with the application.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the feedback is configured to reduce stress.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, wherein presenting the push notification comprisesdisplaying a help page.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting thepush notification comprises displaying a destination as an interstitialview.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the push notification isgenerated external to the client device.
 6. The method of claim 1,wherein presenting the push notification comprises displaying the pushnotification in a hints panel.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein theuser input comprises multimodal input.
 8. The method of claim 1, whereinthe push notification comprises a location that provides suggestions onhow to phrase a request.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the pushnotification comprises an interaction designed to reduce stress.
 10. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the push notification comprises a suggestionfor phrasing a command.
 11. The method of claim 1, further comprisingdetermining that the stress level of the user satisfies a threshold. 12.The method of claim 1, wherein presenting the push notificationcomprises outputting speech output.
 13. A non-transitorycomputer-readable medium having stored thereon computer executableinstructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to:receive user input for an application; analyze the user input to detecta stress level or a mood; determine, based at least in part on thestress level or the mood, to invoke a push notification; and present thepush notification, wherein the push notification comprises at least onesuggestion for phrasing a user input request for the application, andwherein the suggestion comprises feedback on how to fix an inaccurateinteraction with the application.
 14. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the instructions thatcause the computer to present the push notification compriseinstructions that cause the computer to display a destination as aninterstitial view.
 15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium ofclaim 13, wherein the push notification is generated on a server or in anetwork cloud.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim13, wherein the instructions that cause the computer to present the pushnotification comprise instructions that cause the computer to displaythe push notification in a hints panel.
 17. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the instructions, whenexecuted by the computer, cause the computer to present the pushnotification via audio output.
 18. A method comprising: receiving inputat a client device from a user through multimodal input comprisingspeech input, typing input, or touch input; identifying a stress levelof the user based on the input; determining, based on the stress level,to provide, to the user, a suggestion on how to phrase a request,wherein the suggestion comprises feedback on how to fix an inaccurateinteraction corresponding to an application; presenting the suggestionon how to phrase the request; using at least a portion of the input toprovide a formatted query to the application; receiving data from theapplication in response to the formatted query; and using the clientdevice to provide a response to the user through multimodal outputcomprising speech output, text output, non-speech audio output, hapticoutput, or visual non-text output.
 19. The method of claim 18, whereinthe suggestion indicates how to correct the inaccurate interaction witha system.
 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the suggestion on how tophrase the request comprises a suggestion for phrasing a command.